Metformin - 二甲双胍

Overview - 概述

Metformin is the most commonly prescribed medication for type 2 diabetes. It belongs to a class of drugs called biguanides and works by reducing glucose production in the liver and improving insulin sensitivity.

二甲双胍是2型糖尿病最常用的处方药。它属于双胍类药物，通过减少肝脏中的葡萄糖产生和改善胰岛素敏感性来发挥作用。

Uses - 用途

• Type 2 diabetes management - 2型糖尿病管理
• Blood sugar control - 血糖控制
• Weight management - 体重管理
• PCOS treatment - 多囊卵巢综合征治疗

How it works - 作用机理

Metformin works by decreasing hepatic glucose production, decreasing intestinal absorption of glucose, and improving insulin sensitivity by increasing peripheral glucose uptake and utilization.

二甲双胍通过减少肝脏葡萄糖产生、减少肠道葡萄糖吸收，以及通过增加外周葡萄糖摄取和利用来改善胰岛素敏感性。

Important Safety Information - 重要安全信息

Regular kidney function monitoring is essential. Stop taking metformin before certain medical procedures involving contrast dye and restart only after normal kidney function is confirmed.

定期监测肾功能是必要的。在涉及造影剂的某些医疗程序之前停止服用二甲双胍，只有在确认肾功能正常后才重新开始。